This paper exploits a unique dataset on corruption and informal sector employment in 476 Brazilian municipalities to … estimate whether corruption impacts GDP or income levels once variation in informal economic activity is taken into account …. Overall, I find that higher levels of corruption and a larger informal economy are generally associated with poor economic …

corruption, but higher when there is better enforcement and auditing. So firms have a higher productivity gain threshold to adopt … direct effects on the economy, enforcement, auditing and corruption can have indirect effects through their negative impact …

The paper defines the key features of corruption and perception of corruption in Russia under Putin. It provides a … comparison of trends of corruption perception index in the CIS region and CEE countries and focuses on specifics of President …