Many studies on Japanese manufacturing practices have rarely compared how different Japanese vehicle manufacturers implement market flexible customizing system (MFCS). The aim of this study is to compare collaborative practices of Toyota, Nissan and Mitsubishi in terms of how they integrate...

While supply chain management has been approached from a variety of perspectives, the role of the global supply chain as a mechanism to overcome severe supply chain disruptions has not been explored adequately. This article discusses the ways in which Japanese manufacturing firms have responded...

In the course of managing businesses, executives constantly face challenging circumstances. For instance, the market reality does not necessarily reflect the intent of a company's management. Disruptive business events may occur that are quite contrary to what the senior management expected....