According to transaction cost economics (TCE) reasoning, firms choose equity (as opposed to non-equity) foreign market entry modes to safeguard specific assets. The present paper contextualizes the well-researched relationship between asset specificity and foreign market entry mode choice by...

Although learning plays a pivotal role in the internationalization context of the firm, studies elaborating aspects of learning of early internationalizers (as opposed to late internationalizers) are largely missing. We address this deficit by examining the process of learning in the entry phase...

Foreign market familiarity is a central construct, which both traditional Process Theories of Internationalization (PTI) and International New Venture Theory (INVT) emphasize. The present study combines PTI and INVT reasoning and develops an entrepreneurial process view to study pre- and...