In mature democracies, elections discipline leaders to deliver good economic performance.  Since the fall of the Soviet Union most developing countries also hold elections, but these are often marred by illicit tactics.  Using a new global data set, this paper investigates whether these...

This paper investigates the role of aid in mitigating the adverse effects of commodity export price shocks on growth in commodity-dependent countries.  Using a large cross-country dataset, we find that negative shocks matter for short-term growth, while the ex ante risk of shocks does not seem...

Following the wave of democratization during the 1990s, elections are now common in low-income societies.  However, these elections are frequently flawed.  We investigate the Nigerian general election of 2007, which is to date the largest election held in Africa and one seriously marred by...

In this paper we investigate the efficacy of illicit electoral tactics and the characteristics which make a society prone to such tactics.  We first investigate the chances of an incumbent head of government winning an election.  We find that in those elections in which illicit tactics were...

In many African countries a market for private provision of formal sector mass housing is largely absent.  This is not inevitable, but is the consequence of policy failure surrounding five key issues.  The affordability of housing, with costs often inflated by inappropriate building...

As poor countries deplete their natural resources, for increased consumption to be sustainable some of the revenues should be invested in other public assets.  Further, since such countries typically have acute shortages of public capital, the finance from resource depletion is an opportunity...

Currently, evidence on the 'resource curse' yields a conundrum.  While there is much cross-section evidence to support the curse hypothesis, time series analyses using vector autoregressive (VAR) models have found that commodity booms raise the growth of commodity exporters.  This paper adopts...

Many developing countries periodically face large adverse shocks to their economies.  We study two distinct types of such shocks - large declines in the price of a country's commodity exports and severe natural disasters - , both of which have occurred frequently in the recent past. ...

Usage of health facilities in Ethiopia is among the lowest in the world; raising usage rates is probably critical for improving health outcomes. The government has diagnosed the principal problem as the lack of primary health facilities and is devoting a large share of the health budget to...

This paper examines the contractual practices of African manufacturing firms using survey data collected in Burundi, Cameroon, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Descriptive statistics and econometric results are presented. They show that contractual flexibility is pervasive and...