In this study, Al–Ti–Co was used to improve the surface performance of pure Ti. Laser cladding is an important surface modification technique, which can be used to improve the surface performance of pure Ti. Laser cladding of the Al–Ti–Co + TiB2 pre-placed powders on pure Ti can form...

The synthesis of hard composite coating on titanium alloy by laser cladding of Al/Fe/Ni+C/Si3N4 pre-placed powders has been investigated in detail. SEM result indicated that a composite coating with metallurgical joint to the substrate was formed. XRD result indicated that the composite coating...

Effect of the tempering on the microstructures and tribological properties of the laser alloying coatings is investigated. Laser alloying of the T-Co50/TiC mixed powders on a 45 steel substrate can form a hard composite coating, which increased the micro-hardness and wear resistance of the...

In this paper, we consider the compound Poisson risk model with a threshold dividend strategy and a dependence structure modeled by a Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern copula. The integro-differential equations satisfied by the Gerber–Shiu functions and the expected discounted dividend payments...

We document a new stylized fact regarding the dynamics of the commodity convenience yield: the volatility of the convenience yield is heteroskedastic for industrial commodities; specifically, the volatility (variance) of the convenience yield depends on the convenience yield level. To explore...

The Dynamic relation mechanism between ZCE cotton futures price and related listed company stock price had been studied based on the metastock historical data in January 1st, 2007 to September 1st, 2010,Johansen co-integration analysis, Vector error correction model, Granger causality test and...

We examine the use (and non-use) of list price information in the process of marketing commercial real estate. While housing market research suggests that list prices can serve as a strong anchor and/or signal, list price information is included in less than one-third of the commercial property...

Most condominiums in China are sold forward on a pre-sale market, where purchasers and developers transact on an underlying property that is not yet completed. During the pre-sale period home buyers face a significant forward contract risk. However, home buyers can borrow mortgages from banks so...