"In geographic information systems (GIS) the collection, combination, analysis and visualization of spatial data is carried out in digital maps. Due to the significance of the location for this spatial data basis a commercial use of GIS seems to be suitable for the real estate economy. In German...

Purpose - The main objective of this paper is to illustrate the prospects but also the limits of quantifying external benefits of urban and real estate development projects using the method event study. Another objective is the comprehensible derivation of an appropriate controlling system in...

The matter of external effects is already well analysed and discussed in various disciplines: welfare, environmental or regional economics analyse the (un)desired externalities in different contexts. However, a suitable comprehensive approach to measure positive external effects induced by...

Financial and real estate crises and “the new way of working�� reduce the need for office space, and office markets become replacement markets without a quantitative need for new office buildings: New buildings drive out bad buildings. In the Netherlands, currently 15% of the office...