The pricing formulas for European call and put options under arithmetic Brownian motion (ABM) are derived via risk-neutral valuation using the martingale measure, and checked against the corresponding Black-Scholes-like partial differential equation (PDE). In quite a few limiting cases, the...

Arnold, Crack and Schwartz (2010) generalize the Rubinstein (1994) risk-neutral implied binomial tree (R-IBT) model by introducing a risk premium. Their new risk-averse implied binomial tree model (RA-IBT) has both probabilistic and pricing applications. They use the RA-IBT model to estimate the...

Although dependence in financial data is pervasive, standard doctoral-level econometrics texts do not make clear that the common central limit theorems (CLTs) contained therein fail when applied to dependent data. More advanced books that are clear in their CLT assumptions do not contain any...

This paper reviews the first thirty years of finance research and education in Finland, starting with publication of the first dissertation in finance in 1977. That was also the year when the first department of finance was established in Finland - among the first in the Nordic countries. This...

Over the years since airline deregulation five of the remaining U.S. legacy carriers lost money on mergers that cost them a total of $29.6 billion. The combined market cap of these carriers at the end of 2007 was $15.5 billion. In other words, their return on merger investments was -48%. Why?...

This paper provides a review of significant academic studies and non-academic research endeavors in the realm of negative emotions (with an emphasis on worry), gender, and decision making. The author encourages behavioral finance researchers to place greater attention into the development of new...

A major change in the training of actuaries in the period since the 1990s has been the introduction of the concepts underlying financial economics into the mainstream of actuarial coursework. Yet in this same period, three parallel developments have taken place - changes in the traditional role...

The option pricing theory is now either a standard or a main part of many financial courses on both intermediate and advanced levels. All the textbooks that include the option pricing theory present a detailed treatment of the binomial model. However, the binomial model, although quite simple...

We outline the math and assumptions behind weighted average cost of capital (WACC) and adjusted present value (APV) calculations. We first derive a general formula for the discount rate of equity and beta of equity under minimal assumptions. We then take into consideration: i) The existence or...