clauses limit the incentives to face-to-face competition and determine segmentation and monopoly pricing even when entry of … new competitors occurs. The development of wholesale trade, instead, may induce generalized entry and retail competition …

different segment of the market and sets the monopoly price, i.e. market segmentation. Antitrust ceilings do not prevent such an …

(although deterministic) is not restricted to occur at a constant rate and may trigger future entry. It is shown that, typically …, entry occurs later along the collusive path than along the punishment path (since profits are lower in the latter case). The … possibility of delaying entry, therefore, constitutes an additional incentive for deviating just before entry is supposed to occur …

This paper estimates a dynamic, structural model of entry and exit in an oligopolistic industry and uses it to quantify …. Entry costs faced by potential entrants, fixed costs faced by incumbent producers, and the toughness of short-run price … the dentist industry allow the entry cost to differ for geographic markets that were designated as Health Professional …