Based on personal experience characteristics of the educational system and its impact in the justice system are explored. The personal experience and interdisciplinary knowledge show that both systems have the characteristics of a pseudo-science with high degree of risks for collapse

This article correlates all the deficiencies made by LatCrit theory and similar antecedent movements to the pseudo-scientific nature of the justice system. Evaluation of pseudo-scientific characteristics of the justice system is presented to illustrate how existing knowledge processes of this...

Please enter abstract text here.Several studies report an asymmetry in the distribution of earnings around specified benchmarks (Hayn 1995; Burgstahler and Dichev 1997; Degeorge et al. 1999; Brown and Caylor 2005). Doubt has arisen over whether the observed kink in the distribution of earnings is solely...

We show that the asymmetric effects of income taxes and special items for profit and loss firms contribute substantially to a discontinuity at zero in the distribution of earnings. Income taxes draw profit observations towards zero while negative special items pull loss observations away from...

Hayn (1995) first introduced the concept of the pooled, cross-sectional distribution of reported earnings approach to assess whether there is any evidence of earnings management. This approach was further developed by Burgstahler and Dichev (1997) and since then, a substantial volume of new...

Quarterly earnings allow aggregation into annual earnings in four different ways. Fiscal year reported earnings is one of these four possible measures of annual earnings, the others being earnings for years ending at the first, second and third fiscal quarters. We provide evidence on earnings...

In this paper we explore the theoretical and empirical problems of estimating average(excess) return and risk of US equities over various holding periods and sampleperiods. Our findings are relevant for performance evaluation, for estimating thehistorical equity risk premium, and for investment...

In this paper we explore the relevance of dividends in the total equity return over longer time horizons. In addition, we investigate the effects of different reinvestment assumptions of dividends. We use a unique set of revised and corrected US equity data series, comprising monthly prices and...

International researchers investigating earnings management, and standard-setters, analysts, and auditors relying upon evidence of earnings management in their deliberations, require earnings management models to appropriately classify accruals as discretionary or non-discretionary. We examine...

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es mostrar el impacto de las amenazas de la inundación, la sequía y la helada en el bienestar de las diferentes regiones de Bolivia, tomando a las vulnerabilidades como variables de aproximación a los indicadores socioeconómicos de...