This paper asks whether government investment "crowds out" or "crowds in" private investment in China. We divide government capital expenditures into two types: (1) investment that serves to provide public goods and infrastructure, and (2) investment in private industry and commerce. The results...

Urban rail transit networks (URTNs) have experienced rapid development and have been receiving much attention recently. In this paper, we comprehensively analyze the topological characteristics of urban rail transit networks, and we find that the average degrees of nodes of urban rail transit...

We investigate an evolutionary prisoner’s dilemma game among self-driven agents, where collective motion of biological flocks is imitated through averaging directions of neighbors. Depending on the temptation to defect and the velocity at which agents move, we find that cooperation can not...

This paper investigates robust and fast consensus of multi-agent systems subject to external attacks. The strategy of connecting neighbor set is proposed to recover the connectivity of the resulting interconnected network, to improve the robustness against next external attacks, and to guarantee...

We study the effects of mobility on the evolution of cooperation among mobile players, which imitate collective motion of biological flocks and interact with neighbors within a prescribed radius R. Adopting the the prisoner’s dilemma game and the snowdrift game as metaphors, we find that...

A generalized complex dynamical networks model with neutral-type coupling delay is proposed, which is an extension for the systems without time delay and with the retarded delay. By some transformation, the synchronization problem of the complex networks is transferred equally into the...

Recently, cities have become larger and larger, and more and more people are living in large cities. This phenomenon has caused serious traffic congestion which is very detrimental to the development of large cities. In this context, the subway has become the most effective solution for...

Generalized anticipated backward stochastic differential equations, studied for the first time in 2007, are equations with generator f depending on the future value of the solution (Y⋅,Z⋅). In this paper, we will study the existence and uniqueness of the reflected solutions to these...