Collection of wild non-timber forest products may improve the livelihoods of communities through their direct consumption or marketing. Gum arabic is one of these products by ‘Acacia senegal’ trees that are found in Kenya. It is a source of additional income for rural households. The study...

This paper attempts to estimate overall inefficiency of the sample of vegetable farms in Uzbekistan. Using the duality between the directional input distance function (DIDF) and the cost function, the study reports allocative inefficiency scores in addition to technical inefficiency in the...

Farmers face monopsonist/oligopsonist structures in agricultural or forest products markets because of the limited choice of traders/buyers. As a consequence, these farmers and traders alike, in successive transactions along the supply chain, may get lower prices in selling their products. This...

Interlocked relationships are characterised by traders’ supply of inputs and cash to producers on credit, to be reimbursed at sale time based on pre-defined prices which are often lower than the prevailing market price. The study analyses determinants of choice for interlocking in the gum...

Apart from the difficulty to attract new members, leakage of sales outside the cooperative is a major challenge for the coffee cooperatives in Rwanda. Local (independent) traders still constitute a major market for coffee producers. Yet, cooperatives also accept the produce from non-members and...

Interlocked relationships are characterised by traders’ supply of inputs and cash to producers on credit, to be reimbursed at sale time based on a pre-defined price which is often lower than the prevailing market price. The study analyses determinants of choice of interlocking in the gum...

In interlocked contractual relationships traders' supplies of inputs and cash to producers during the growing season is reimbursed with harvests. This study analyses interlocking contracts in gum arabic production in Senegal. Gum arabic is a natural exudation of Acacia senegal trees that grow in...

The objective measurements of quality based on invisible chemical attributes of gum arabic are compared with the assessment done by collectors based on visible attributes with the aim of bringing together the users’ quality requirements and the production and marketing practices of...

This study utilizes panel data from 14 provinces of Kazakhstan and investigates the link between the point-source resources (oil and gas) and economic growth via institutional quality. Labour force migration from manufacturing to non-traded sector occurs