Data provided by 7380 middle managers from 60 nations are used to determine whether demographic variables are correlated with managers’ reliance on vertical sources of guidance in different nations and whether these correlations differ depending on national culture characteristics. Significant...

Studies of journal ratings are often controversial. Indices, including impact factors, acceptance rates, expert opinions, and ratings of knowledge, relevance, and quality have been used to organize journals hierarchically. While there may be some validity in consensus rankings, it is unclear...

In this research, five steps are brought up to build up the trademark map, including (1) deciding sample range of trademarks, (2) analyzing the first-time information, (3) analyzing the second-time information, (4) building up the trademark map, and (5) analyzing the trademark map. This standard...