This article studies the residual behaviour of various stationary processes in the presence of change patterns. Three types of change patterns are considered, Additive Outliers, Innovative Outliers and Level Shift. The knowledge of the residual behaviour is important for monitoring production...

the analysis of deprivation is usually seen as a unidimensional condition. However, recently it is considered to be a multidimensional one. A useful tool for such analysis is to view deprivation as a degree providing a quantitative expression to its intensity for individuals. Such fuzzy...