Standardised mortality-linked securities are easier to analyse and more conducive to the development of liquidity. However, when a pension plan relies on standardised instruments to hedge its longevity risk exposure, it is inevitably subject to various forms of basis risk. In this paper, we use...

We describe an algorithm for estimating the parameters of time-series models expressed in state-space form. The algorithm is based on the EM algorithm, and generalizes an algorithm given by Shumway and Stoffer (1982)