The issue of through what processes R&D collaboration with universities affects a firms’ innovation performance remains … under-researched. In particular, university relationships have not been fully integrated in the open innovation framework …. This study explores the relationship between firms’ collaboration with universities and their capabilities for innovation …

between university collaboration and the average service firm’s innovation output. Second, in the pursuit of credible … innovative in the literature of innovation studies. In analysis of the interviews, we find very weak support for the first idea …. Innovation efficiency gains in the form of reduced cost and risk for innovation projects, which is a third idea suggested by the …

low by international standards and Italian firms take out only a small number of patents. External sources of innovation … different innovation sources increases the probability of collaboration; and that proximity is more important for small- and …