The goal of this study is to examine cigarette affordability in Russia between 2002 and 2017 in order to provide an understanding of the country's current tobacco excise tax policy, and to identify opportunities and next steps

Building energy use accounts for almost 50% of the total CO2 emissions in the UK. Most of the research has focused on reducing the operational impact of buildings, however in recent years many studies have indicated the significance of embodied energy in different building types. This paper...

This paper uses a clustered randomised field experiment to explore the effects of a computer assisted learning (CAL) programme on student academic and non-academic outcomes in poor, rural public schools in China. Our results show that a remedial, game-based CAL programme in math held outside of...

Self-avoiding walk (SAW), being a nonequilibrium cooperative phenomenon, is investigated with a finite-order-restricted-walk (finite-ORW or FORW) coherent-anomaly method (CAM). The coefficient β1r in the asymptotic form Cnr≅ β1r λn1r for the total number Cnr of r- ORW's with respect to the...

The competition between two orders which have three and two components, respectively, in three dimensions, modeling the general phase diagram of high-Tc superconductivity (SC) with proximity of antiferromagnetism (AF) and d-wave SC, is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations on an O(5)...