Human altruism is a widespread phenomenon that puzzled evolutionary biologists since Darwin. Economic games illustrate human altruism by demonstrating that behavior deviates from economic predictions of profit maximization. A game that most plainly demonstrates this altruistic tendency is the...

A commonly used method for evaluating a hospital’s performance on an outcome is to compare the hospital’s observed outcome rate to the hospital’s expected outcome rate given its patient (case) mix and service. The process of calculating the hospital’s expected outcome rate given its...

<Para ID="Par1">The spatial pattern of the uncertainty in air pollution-related health impacts due to climate change has rarely been studied due to the lack of high-resolution model simulations, especially under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), the latest greenhouse gas emission pathways. We...</para>

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study is to determine the main factors affecting sovereign credit default swap(CDS) spreads, with particular emphasis on the relationship between the credit rating scores andthe CDS spreads. Other macroeconomic affects are also included in the estimation which usespanel...

In the past, the study of international trade often focused on differences in labor, land and capital, as well as the distance between trading partners. But economists are increasingly looking at the role played by institutions, specifically those that enforce contracts and curb corruption.

This paper proposes a method for solving stochastic multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problems, where evaluations of alternatives on considered criteria are random variables with known probability density functions or probability mass functions. Probabilities on all possible results of...

ABSTRACT This research paper focused on the corporate restructuring of Nippon Telegraph Telecommunication (NTT Group) under the pure holding company structure in 1999 and its implications. In order to understand the holding company structure, we introduced the concept of "internal capital...

Academic productivity and research funding have been hot topics in biomedical research. While publications and their citations are popular indicators of academic productivity, there has been no rigorous way to quantify co-authors’ relative contributions. This has seriously compromised...

Longer benefits may reduce unemployed workers’ job search efforts, decreasing their likelihood of becoming reemployed.

Holiday sales are expected to be weak again this year even though the economy and financial markets are improving. Shoppers are especially reluctant to use credit cards for holiday purchases. According to the National Retail Federation's 2009 Consumer Intentions and Action Survey, only 28.3...