Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a synthesis and evaluation of literature surrounding the job demands-resources (JD-R) model (Demerouti et al., 2001) in the first decade since its inception, with particular emphasis on establishing an evidence-based universal application...

Enterprise is often described as risk for reward, but it may be possible to reducethe risk while improving returns. According to SEDA, failure rates of SMMEs inSouth Africa range from 70 to 80 percent. The need for this study arose when itwas found that most SMMEs did not have a formal system in...

Enterprise risk management (ERM) has emerged as a new paradigm for managing the portfolio of risks that face organizations, and policy makers continue to focus on mechanisms to improve corporate governance and risk management. Despite these developments, there is little research on factors...

Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) is a familiar concept in management theory. However, sometimes its implementation can fall short of delivery on the potential benefits to the business. The need for effective ERM is becoming increasingly evident for companies that want to ensure that their...

We propose an alternative to the conventional risk finance paradigm of enterprise risk management that accounts for not only a loss portfolio’s expected frequency and expected severity, but also its “risk” as captured by an appropriate measure of dispersion/spread. This new paradigm is...

Grain/fertilizer volumes are major risks for grain/supply cooperatives followed by fertilizer and fuel margins. Operating losses force stock write downs (22% probability) and negative cashflow (15% probability). Decisions on cash and stock patronage, infrastructure investment, and equity...

Each time a company enhances programmes determined as a viable solution for risk mitigation, the result should be beyond an insurance optimization. Moreover, the recent developments had proved the necessity for such an approach. ERM struggles to become an option for the Romanian managers, but...

The global financial crisis has focused attention to the proper identification, analysis and management of key business risks because inadequate risk assessment has been identified as one of the main factors of a failure or financial difficulties of a large number of organizations worldwide....

Service enterprises have traditionally used organizational models from the manufacturing and industrial sectors, incorporating ideas such as hierarchy, task repetition, and standardization of procedures. However, these disciplined production systems tend to use humans more than machines in the...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of internal auditors' involvement in enterprise risk management (ERM) on perceptions of their willingness to report a breakdown in risk procedures and whether a strong relationship with the audit committee affects such willingness to...