The presence of other firms in a foreign market can have a double-edged effect on the profitability of new entrants. Firstly, a larger presence of other firms implies more competition and thus lowers the earnings prospects of new entrants. Secondly, there might be positive spill-over effects...

The choice between foreign direct investment (FDI) and exports has been a recurrent theme in the literature on international trade, yet few studies have analysed this choice at the level of the individual firm. This paper uses a new dataset to study the FDI-versus-exports decision for banks. We...

In this paper the recent effect of the European Monetary Union on inward FDI-flows is examined. We use a difference-in-differences approach for both a gravity based- as well as a general equilibrium approach. The estimated results show that the introduction of the euro raises inward FDI by 14 to...

The main objective of this paper is to examine the determining factors of outward FDI from four major OECD investors US, Germany, France and the Netherlands to developing countries located in different world regions. Our goal is to elucidate whether the motivation for FDI differs among these...

The rapid expansion of West German exports in the 1970s has now been overtaken by the more rapid growth of West German FDI. The experience of West German multinationals reftects this trend; companies which invest abroad are largely concerned either with expanding into new export markets or with...

This paper reviews the central features of France’s capital controls in the 70's and 80's and strives to assess their ability, in the context of various exchange rate mechanisms, to regulate capital flows and to stabilize the exchange rate while allowing France to preserve a measure of...

The following paper studies possible impacts of financial integration under different economic conditions, such as financial and equity market development and trade openness. It applies mixture of models, namely General Methods of Moments (GMM), Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), two-staged OLS,...

How can the international community save more children's lives faster and more effectively in the 21st century? This working paper analyzes the extent to which quot;frontloadingquot; and predictable vaccine funding, as proposed by the International Finance Facility for Immunization (IFFIm), is...

Recent empirical and theoretical literature on the impact of real exchange rate devaluations on economic performance questions the traditional expansionary effect generated within standard Mundell-Fleming models. Contractionary devaluations may arise when firms face maturity or currency...

This paper reviews the theoretical literature explaining financial FDI, as well as the empirical results on the determinants of financial FDI and its potential effects for the home country. From this revision, we conclude that, at the present stage, the existing theoretical paradigms need to be...