The compartmentalisation of company finance into equity and debt does not truly capture the enormous diversity of financial instruments available. A wide variety of hybrid instruments incorporate elements of both equity and debt. From a fiscal point of view the classification of such hybrid...

<title>Abstract</title> In particular in Germany and Austria, but also in other countries, extensive theoretical and analytical research has been published on the potential tax effects should International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) be used as the basis for corporate taxation. Very few quantitative...

This paper explores the issue of the true and fair view (TFV) and the overriding principle within the European Union (EU), via a legally based analysis of the relationship between EU and national laws. We apply the supremacy of European law to methods of incorporating the TFV into national...