We examine underwriting fees for repeat issuers of new securities to determine the relation between loyalty to an underwriting bank and the fees charged. For a sample of offers over the 1975-2001 period, we find that loyalty is associated with lower fees for common stock offers, consistent with...

This paper provides a model that explains the structure of mutual funds. Specifically, the paper explains why funds structure as open- or closed-end funds, and why some open-end funds charge loads. In our model fund managers generate earn excess returns that, on the margin, are increasing in...

Recent literature has been largely negative in its assessment of corporate diversification. Diversified firms have been regarded as destructive of firm value, prone to agency problems and divisional rent-seeking. The empirical finding that multi-division firms tend to trade at a 'discount,' or...

Existing literature argues that disparity in investment opportunities within diversified firms can erode firm value. We investigate this 'diversity cost' hypothesis in the context of spinoffs by using post-spinoff data to (1) 'reconstruct' the diversified firm after the spinoff and assess the...

Prior literature argues that stock-for-stock mergers are often financed by overvalued stock. How do a target's institutional owners trade when faced with a stock-financed bid, particularly one from an acquirer more likely to be overvalued? If institutional owners perceive the acquirer's stock as...

Prior literature argues that stock-for-stock mergers are often financed by overvalued stock. How do a target's institutional owners trade when faced with a stock-financed bid, particularly one from an acquirer more likely to be overvalued? If institutional owners perceive the acquirer's stock as...

Prior literature argues that stock-for-stock mergers are often financed by overvalued stock. How do a target's institutional owners trade when faced with a stock-financed bid, particularly one from an acquirer more likely to be overvalued? If institutional owners perceive the acquirer's stock as...

Our model of the initial public offering process links the three main empirical IPO anomalies underpricing, hot issue markets, and long-run under performance and traces them to a common source of inefficiency. We relate hot IPO markets (such as the 1999/2000market for Internet IPOs) to the...

We model an IPO company's optimal response to the presence of sentiment investors and short sale constraints. Given regulatory constraints on price discrimination, the optimal mechanism involves the issuer allocating stock to 'regular' institutional investors for subsequent resale to sentiment...

This paper develops a theory of organization based on the benefits and costs of internal capital markets. A central assumption is that the transaction cost of raising external funds is greater than the cost of internal funds. The benefit of internal resource allocation is that it gives the firm...