The compensation hypothesis is the most well known explanation of the empirical evidence showing a positive relationship between economic openness and the welfare state. This article argues that the core assumptions of the hypothesis can be tested with two hypotheses: (1) economic openness at...

For a long time, researchers investigate the impact of diversity on society. To measure diversity, either archival data at the national level of census data at the neighborhood level, within a single country are used. Both approaches are limited. The first approach does not allow to investigate...

Previous studies show that reforms in labour market policies differ across countries. This may be partly owing to the impact of European integration on these policy reforms. Whereas most of these studies are qualitative case studies, the present study aims at explaining cross-national variation...