In the immediate aftermath of the current financial crisis in the United States the response has been to resolve small and medium size banks, while large banks experiencing financial trouble have been given both direct and indirect government support. This, however, has resulted in a number of...

1. Regulatory reasons for the crisis <br>2. Refinancing credit and Target balances <br>2.1 Target balances <br>2.2 Target balances and fiscal rescue credit <br>2.3 The lowering of collateral standards for refinancing credit <br>2.4 Indirect state financing via refinancing credit to commercial banks <br>3. ECB...

The Mexican banking crisis of 1994/95 necessitated a major government rescue operation - estimated to have cost about 20 per cent of GDP. Since then, financial sector reforms have been implemented and the performance of the Mexican financial system has markedly improved, as shown by indicators...

Rajan and Zingales (1998) use US Compustat firm decadal data for the 1980s to obtain measures for manufacturing sectors’ Dependence on External (-to-the-firm) Finance (DEF). Their way of obtaining representative values of DEF by sector and of interpreting differences in these values as...

This paper forms part of the research on the transmission of monetary policy via the interest rates of Spanish banks and savings banks, analysed from a disaggregated perspective. In this respect, it considers structural factors that cannot be taken into account in more aggregated studies, as for...

This paper forms part of the research on the transmission of monetary policy via the interest rates of Spanish banks and savings banks, analysed from a disaggregated perspective. In this respect, it considers structural factors that cannot be taken into account in more aggregated studies, as for...

The current paradigm concedes a passive role to monetary policy on economic development. In fact, the almost exclusive objectives of moderating economic cyclical fluctuations and achieving price stability (in the short-, medium- and longterm) are considered the (only) means by which the central...

The recent financial crisis has triggered a major rethink of analytical approaches and policy toward financial stability. The crisis has encouraged a sharper focus on systemic risk, the inclusion of a financial sector in macroeconomic models, a shift from a microprudential to a macroprudential...