Cette thèse comporte trois chapitres traitant de la question de l’accumulation de réserves de change dans les pays émergents. Sous différents angles, théorique comme empirique, les trois travaux présentés analysent les motivations d’accumulation de réserves de change et testent...

Based on a dataset of 112 emerging economies and developing countries, this paper addresses the question whether the accumulation of international reserves has effectively protected countries during the 2008–09 financial crisis. More specifically, the paper investigates the relation between...

Based on a dataset of 112 emerging economies and developing countries, this paper addresses two key questions regarding the accumulation of international reserves: first, has the accumulation of reserves effectively protected countries during the 2008-09 financial crisis? And second, what...

Biomass char, obtained from the residues of biomass pyrolysis, was employed as feedstock for the gasification using an air-steam agent. The gasification with the energy self-sufficiency was carried out in a cyclone furnace where combustor and gasifier were combined into one reactor. The effects...

The oxygen-enriched gasification of biomass micron fuel (BMF) was studied. Thermogravimetric analyses under different oxygen concentrations were performed to investigate the gasification behavior. The results showed that the increasing oxygen concentration enhanced the release of volatile matter...

Based on a dynamic open-economy macroeconomic model, this paper aims at understanding the contribution of domestic financial under-development to foreign reserve accumulation in some emerging market economies, especially in China. It is argued that foreign reserve accumulation is a consequence...

Based on a theoretical model, this paper shows that foreign reserves are useful for a country to enhance the resilience of its domestic economy against balance sheet effects in the context of external financing strains. Using foreign reserves, the government can either lend in foreign currency...

In recent years, innovative applications of electronic commerce (e-commerce) are facing the challenges of mobile commerce (m-commerce) and ubiquitous commerce (u-commerce). To address these challenges and improve the competitiveness of e-commerce, the three-dimensional e-commerce (3DEC) theory...