Despite stops, gaps, and reversals, financial reforms advanced worldwide in the last quarter century. Using a new index of financial liberalization, we conclude that influential events shook the status quo, inducing both reforms and reversals, while learning, more so than ideology and country...

Recent studies have found that capital moves quot;uphillquot; from poor to rich countries, and, when it does flow into poor economies, it brings little or no growth dividend. This stylization is emerging as a new orthodoxy, with predictive and normative implications. In this paper, we report...

The study documents evidence of a quot;quality effectquot; of financial liberalization on allocative efficiency, which is measured by the dispersion in Tobin`s Q across firms. Based on a simple model, the authors predict that financial liberalization, by equalizing access to credit, reduces the...

This paper introduces a new database of financial reforms, covering 91 economies over 1973-2005. It describes the content of the database, the information sources utilized, and the coding rules used to create an index of financial reform. It also compares the database with other measures of...

Muchos problemas del desarrollo van más allá de las fronteras nacionales y tienen un carácter regional e incluso global. El reconocimiento de estos retos, los cuales van de la transmisión de enfermedades entre fronteras hasta la dispersión de inestabilidad financiera global, ha llevado a...

Muchos problemas del desarrollo van más allá de las fronteras nacionales y tienen un carácter regional e incluso global. El reconocimiento de estos retos, los cuales van de la transmisión de enfermedades entre fronteras hasta la dispersión de inestabilidad financiera global, ha llevado a...

It is easy to say that the International Monetary Fund should not resort to financial rescue for countries in crisis; this is hard to do when there is no alternative. That is where collective action clauses come in. Collective action clauses are designed to facilitate debt restructuring by the...