In this paper, I extend the model in Coate and Loury (CL) (1993) to show how statistical discrimination by employers can help create gender wage gap for men and women with equal earning potentials. Given that employers do not perfectly observe a worker¡¯s skill type and partly rely on the...

This paper introduces the status quo of herdsman's settlement in Fuhai County of Xinjiang. As to the herdsman's settlement in this county, there are 5 models: centralized settlement, sporadic settlement, settlement along the river, striped settlement along hillside, flower-arrangement-style...

In-service teacher training aims to improve the supply of public education. A randomized experiment was conducted in Mexico to test whether teacher training could increase teacher efficiency in public secondary schools. After seven and a half months of exposure to a trained teacher, students...

In this study, I empirically estimate the impact of children on women's labor market outcomes (such as work status, work hours and earnings). The identification in a female labor supply model where the fertility is endogenous comes from the assumption that a miscarriage – spontaneous loss...

The shortest-residual family of conjugate gradient methods was first proposed by Hestenes and was studied by Pytlak, and Dai and Yuan. Recently, a no-line-search scheme in conjugate gradient methods was given by Sun and Zhang, and Chen and Sun. In this paper, we show the global convergence of...

The impact of microcredit on women's empowerment remains controversial, as documented in the microfinance literature. While some studies claim that microcredit helps women increase their income earning abilities, leading to greater power to overcome cultural asymmetries, others contend that...

Industrialization of bio-energy relies on the supply of resources on a large scale. The theoretical biomass resources could reach 2.61–3.51billiontce (tons of coal equivalent)/a in China, while the available feedstock is about 440–640milliontce/a, however, among this only 1.5–2.5% has been...