In this study, the effect of marketing expenses on stock returns has been studied. According to the generally accepted accounting principles, marketing expenses are a kind of cost and are presented in income statements as an operating expense. On the other hand, in addition to this view, new...

Our research examines the hypothesis that products chosen on a shopping trip to a supermarket indicate the preference interdependencies of consumers between different products or brands. The bundle chosen on the trip can be regarded as an indicator of a global utility function. This function...

Several researchers have decomposed sales promotion elasticities. A key result is that the majority of the sales promotion elasticity, about 74 percent on average, is purportedly due to secondary demand effects (brand switching) and the remainder is due to primary demand effects (timing...

The Design represents an innovative work of art. Chairs, spoons, teapots could be an example of designed arts. Creativity and daily utility, they both “evolve in” arts. Design Museums are often collections of famous designers, stylists and firms. The supply chain of brands could find an...

In recent years it has become common to use stated preference (SP) discrete choice experiments (DCEs) to study and/or predict consumer demand. SP is particularly useful when revealed preference (RP) data is unobtainable or uninformative (e.g., to predict demand for a new product with an...

Internal market structure analysis infers both brand attributes and consumer preferences for those attributes from preference or choice data. The authors exploit a new method for estimating probit models from panel data to infer market structures that can be displayed in few dimensions, even...

Empirical modeling of dividends has been dominated by Lintner (1956). However, Lintner's model suffers from the logical paradox that if companies have target payout ratios then in the steady state the companies will have reached those target payout ratios. Moreover as demon-strated by Bond and...

This paper compares rival sovereign default models that differ in how country-, region- and time-specific effects are treated. The quality of the models is gauged using inference-based criteria and the plausibility of estimates. An out-of-sample forecast evaluation framework is deployed based on...

Indicators of financial crisis generally do not have a good track record. This paper presents an early warning system for six countries in Asia, in which indicators do work. We distinguish three types of financial crises, currency crises, banking crises and debt crises, and extract four groups...

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a proposition equating the nominal exchange rate to the ratio of the domestic to foreign price levels. This paper employs Bayesian panel data methods to test for PPP, in particular, the implied symmetry and proportionality conditions. Using a data set of all the...