The objective of this paper is to estimate the ecological efficiency of paper mills along the Huai River in China. The main characteristic of the ecological efficiency evaluation problem is that an undesirable output of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and a non-discretionary input (BOD emission...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been widely used in energy efficiency and environment efficiency analysis in recent years. Based on the existing environment DEA technology, this paper presents several DEA models for estimating the aggregated efficiency of resource and environment. These...

In the process of setting operational targets to achieve sustainable development of economy, environment and natural resources, estimation of potential energy saving and potential CO2 emission reduction becomes extremely important. This estimation can be conducted based on the energy efficiency...

In this work, an LCL-type resonant dc/dc converter with a capacitive output filter is modeled in two stages. In the first high-frequency ac stage, all ac signals are decomposed into two orthogonal vectors in a synchronous rotating <em>d–q</em> frame using multi-frequency modeling. In the dc stage, all...