Following the introduction of the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU-ETS), CO2 emissions have become a tradable commodity. As a regulated party, emitters are forced to take into account the additional cost of carbon emissions in their production costs structure. Given the high...

The local structure around the Ce substitutional defects has been investigated by Ce and Nd K-edge EXAFS on Nd<Subscript>2-x </Subscript>Ce<Subscript> x </Subscript>CuO <InlineEquation ID="Equ4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$_{4\pm \delta}$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation> samples with different dopant concentrations (x=0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) and oxygen amounts. The lattice distortion around the Ce <InlineEquation ID="Equ5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$_{\rm Nd}^\bullet$</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>...</equationsource></inlineequation></equationsource></inlineequation></subscript></subscript>

After twenty years of operation the Santiago Metro decided to start a new strategy of price differences by period in order to decrease congestion in the morning peak and to postpone the acquisition of new equipment. In this paper we report the results of a model specifically designed to test the...