An indicator can be defined as a statistic utilized as part of an assessment exercise. There have been three relatively distinct waves of interest in indicators at the national level. Indicator work creates both opportunities and hazards for federal statistical agencies. Indicators increase the...

In July 1995, the University of California\'s Board of Regents voted to ban consideration of race and ethnicity in admissions and employment—a ban that was extended to all state agencies when the voters of California approved Proposition 209 in November 1996. This paper discusses the...

In the aftermath of SP-1 and Proposition 209, the University of California has adopted several strategies in order to maintain access. In the long term, the university seeks to work with individual students to improve their academic preparation and to expand partnerships with the K-12 public...

Standardized testing is a controversial subject, particularly in British Columbia. However, as this Commentary argues, standardized test results can be a valuable resource as long as they are placed into the proper context. It is no surprise that students who have parents with more education or...

This study analyzed the competency of bilingual teachers as it pertains to the passage of the TExEs Content Exam.  Texas is in a state of transition; not only are its’ certification requirements changing, from EC-4 to EC-6, but its’ population continues to change, creating an increasingly...

This paper provides a simple theoretical model designed to capture the targeting incentives d by benchmark testing. Under high-stakes benchmark testing, schools and teachers are judged on the fraction of students that meet some given level of educational attainment. The incentive for teachers is...