Abstract This paper provides an analysis of the funding structure of the railways in eight European countries. It updates and expands the well-known database on public contributions to rail, which has initially been published by [NERA (2004) Study of the Financing of and Public Budget...

The transition from copper-based internet access to ultra-fast broadband networks requires large investments. However, regulation has a serious impact on (private) investment incentives. We describe and evaluate the regulatory frameworks of European countries, in particular those of Germany and...

This paper describes the development of the German telecommunications sector in the aftermath of complete liberalization. The paper focuses on the effects on the consumers. I present data showing the speed with which new firms entered the market. As a result of entry, rates for long distance and...

This article analyzes the adoption and diffusion of new technology in a market for a differentiated product with monopolistic competition. I show that in a noncooperative equilibrium ex ante identical firms adopt a new technology at different dates. This equilibrium can be described by a simple...

This paper focuses on incentives to invest in research and development (R&D) in vertically related markets. In a bilateral duopoly setup, we consider how process R&D incentives of the firms in both upstream and downstream market depend on the intensity of simultaneous interbrand and intrabrand...