paper studies how differences in school quality affect the returns to education of urban and rural residents in China using … their Hukou status at age 12, a critical age when basic education is completed. We find that after controlling for family … background, the gap in returns to education between urban and rural residents increases over the schooling stages; the gaps are …

English Abstract: This article reviews the neoliberal reform undertaken in Argentina in 1989-2001, and argues that the … the reform. A look at the unsuccessful experience of Argentina generates the following three main implications for the …