We use the introduction of a cost on high message to trade ratios for traders at the Oslo Stock Exchange to investigate the effects on market quality and fragmentation of introduction of such ``speed bumps'' to equity trading. The exchange introduced a fee payable by market participants whose...

The main purpose of this project is to examine the liquidity and activity in the secondary market for Norwegian debt securities. The second objective is to determine whether the activity and data availability is sufficient to construct indicators that can be used to monitor the state of...

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A recent innovation in equity markets is the introduction of market maker ser-vices paid for by the listed companies themselves. We investigate why firms arewilling to pay a cost to improve the secondary market liquidity of their shares. Weshow that a contributing factor in this decision is the...

We investigate the information content of aggregate stock market liquidity and askwhether it may be a useful realtime indicator, both for nancial stress, and real economicactivity in Norway. We describe the development in a set of liquidity proxies at the OsloStock Exchange (OSE) for the period...

While the hypothesis that ownership concentration can aect the value of a company has seen a lotof empirical study, little light has been shed on a complementary problem, that these concentratedowners have a cost of their position due to an undiversified portfolio. Using a unique data set ofthe...

We use data on actual holding periods for all investors in a stock market over a10-year period to investigate the links between holding periods, liquidity, and assetreturns. Microstructure measures of liquidity are shown to be important determinantsof the holding period decision of individual...

Existing evidence using US data show a simultaneous covariability between a stock’s priceand quarterly flows into and out of the stock by institutional investors. In this paper we usedata on monthly changes in holdings by all investor groups at the Oslo Stock Exchange toshow that such...