This paper examines the impact of government spending on the environment using a panel of 77 countries for the time period 1980-2000. We estimate both the direct effect of government spending on pollution and the indirect effect which operates through government spending impact on per capita...

Cultural and epistemic backgrounds, subject-object relationships, assumptions and conflicts, are examined by heuristic-hermeneutic processes in the sociocultural learning niches. Diagnosis and prognosis of current problems take into account the connections (assets) and ruptures (deficits)...

Diagnosis and prognosis of current problems take into account the connections (assets) and ruptures (deficits) between the different dimensions of being-in-the-world, mutually entangled as donors and recipients: intimate; interactive; social and biophysical. Guidance and counselling consider the...

In this study we examine in covariance stationary time series the consequences of constructing confidence intervals for the population mean using the classical methodology based on the hypothesis of independence. As criteria we use the actual probability the confidence interval of the classical...

In simple random sampling, the basic assumption at the stage of estimating the standard error of the sample mean and constructing the corresponding confidence interval for the population mean is that the observations in the sample must be independent. In a number of cases, however, the validity...

This paper examines the effect of economic growth and government spending on the environment using a panel of 71 countries for the time period 1970-2008. In particular, we test the hypothesis of the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic performance and pollution, as...

This paper examines the effect of economic policy on air quality using US quarterly data from 1973 to 2013. In particular, we analyze the short-run as well as the long-run interactions between fiscal and monetary policy with CO2 emissions, employing time series techniques of co-integration,...