We investigate the impact of banks’ ownership concentration on the effectiveness of shareholders’ market discipline. More precisely, we first assess whether the ability of the distance to default to predict banks’ financial distress is affected by the level of ownership concentration...

The financialisation of strategies, as mentioned in the introduction, may be correlated with the dominant link between investment and funding. The principle of selection no longer seems to focus essentially on investment funding methods, but on investments themselves, according to a financial...