We analyze the effects of privatization on firm-level wages and employment in four transition economies. Contrary to … negative effect in Russia, and they provide some evidence of positive foreign effects on both wages and employment in all four … countries. The negligible employment impact of domestic privatization results from effects on efficiency and scale that are …

This paper looks behind the standard, publicly available employment and unemployment statistics that studies of … estimates show that measured employment and unemployment rates are quite sensitive to definition, particularly in the treatment … official definitions in apparently minor ways can produce alternative employment rates that are sharply higher in Russia but …

This paper first documents trends in employment rates and then reviews what is known about the various factors that … have been proposed to explain the decline in the overall employment-to-population ratio between 1999 and 2016. Population … aging has had a notable effect on the overall employment rate over this period, but within-age-group declines in employment …