fact that income and democracy are jointly determined in a political-economic equilibrium. Based on our previous research …-capita never plays a role in determining democracy. This finding is robust to different estimation techniques, covariates, and … rom the results with fixed effect. The main conclusion is that we find no evidence that income causes democracy. Rather …

to democracy, which will choose redistributive policies. Taxation requires the employment of bureaucrats. We show that … democratic politics. This enables them to reduce the amount of redistribution and public good provision in democracy. Moreover … structure creates more rents for bureaucrats than would an efficient state structure. When the poor come to power in democracy …

to democracy, which will choose redistributive policies. Taxation requires the employment of bureaucrats. We show that … democratic politics. This enables them to reduce the amount of redistribution and public good provision in democracy. Moreover … structure creates more rents for bureaucrats than would an efficient state structure. When the poor come to power in democracy …

society consists of rich and poor individuals. The rich are initially in power, but expect to transition to democracy, which …. This enables them to reduce the amount of redistribution and public good provision in democracy. Moreover, the inefficient … rents for bureaucrats than would an efficient state structure. When the poor come to power in democracy, they will reform …

deepening in Turkish democracy under the prodding and the guidance of the European Union, and witnessed the waning of the … military's influence and the broadening of effective political participation. As Turkey-European Union relations collapsed and …

deepening in Turkish democracy under the prodding and the guidance of the European Union, and witnessed the waning of the … military's influence and the broadening of effective political participation. As Turkey-European Union relations collapsed and …