The Water Framework Directive (WFD) sets targets of "Good Ecological Status" for water bodies across the EU. Environmental regulatory authorities must undertake economic analysis of all water bodies as part of the process of drawing up catchment management plans. In this paper, we test the...

Regulators are often reluctant to rely solely on economic incentives to achieve environmental standards. We evaluate a "mixed approach" of economic instruments and management standards when two environmental objectives need to be met simultaneously: minimum river flow rates and reductions in...

Regulators are often reluctant to rely solely on economic incentives to achieve environmental standards. We evaluate a "mixed approach" of economic instruments and management standards when two environmental objectives need to be met simultaneously: minimum river flow rates and reductions in...

The Water Framework Directive sets an objective of 'Good Ecological Status' for water bodies across the EU. Non-point pollution from agriculture is a major reason for the failure of rivers in the UK to meet this target. In this paper, we use choice experiment methodology to test the...

An economic analysis of policies to control nonpoint source nitrate pollution in the presence of minimum river flow restrictions was undertaken. A non-linear bio-physical economic optimisation model of an intensively cultivated Scottish agricultural catchment was constructed. The presence of...