million new bank account openings. About 77% of these accounts maintain a positive balance. While the initial usage remains …

supervisors to the same bank at exogenously fixed time intervals. Comparing federal and state regulator supervisory ratings within … the same bank, we find that federal regulators are systematically tougher, downgrading supervisory ratings almost twice as … consequences and likely proxies for delayed corrective actions—more lenient states have higher bank-failure rates, lower repayment …

We study private firms' strategic disclosure of financial statements in shaping bank lending decisions and structuring … a large bank, we document that the availability of financial statement disclosures by small businesses increases their … significant in pricing loans and in determining collateral requirements, as well as influencing the bank's ex post monitoring of …

Using Federal Reserve (Fed) confidential stress test data, we exploit the gap between the Fed and bank capital …

Using Federal Reserve (Fed) confidential stress test data, we exploit the gap between the Fed and bank capital …

lower default risk than non-switchers and are not riskier than other bank borrowers. Switchers also obtain better loan terms … from banks compared with first-time bank borrowers without a credit history …

information primarily underlies relationship lending whereas hard public information drives arm's-length debt. The bank's relative … type, lender switching, and default behavior firms, however, anticipate the inside bank's strategic use of information and …