or output of a knowledge production function. We suggest that the productivity of research in patent production functions … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … of using data on R&D, we separate the knowledge creating process into 'R' and 'D'. This data stems from R&D surveys of …

Business environments dominated by information flows and autonomous tasks, typical of knowledge-intensive industries … gains from relatively high levels of trust in knowledge-rich environments are estimated to be sizeable and our estimates …