Under the Lesser Duty Rule(LDR) of the WTO Anti-Dumping Agreement(ADA), anti-dumping duties are imposed as the lower of the two: dumping margin and injury margin. It has been established to impose anti-dumping duties only to the amount necessary to eliminate injury on domestic industries caused...

In this paper, we trace the jurisprudential history of the applicability of US countervailing duty (CVD) law to non-market economies (NMEs). We describe how, since the United States reversed its long standing policy of not imposing CVDs on NMEs, concurrent application of antidumping (AD) and...