, effectively lowering its volatility. We also show that relatively small increases in the average holdings of reserves by Latin … substantially REER volatility. …

lowering its volatility. We also show thatrelatively small increases in the average holdings of reserves by Latin American … volatility. …

, effectively lowering its volatility. We also show that relatively small increases in the average holdings of reserves by Latin … substantially REER volatility. …

the associations of growth level, growth volatility, shocks, institutions, and macroeconomic fundamentals have changed in …, including global growth, global oil prices, and global financial volatility. After accounting for the effects global shocks, we … rate flexibility, education attainment, and lack of political polarization reduce the volatility of economic growth …