business survey in the German business-related services sector when respondents may freely choose to respond either online or …

-cost survey initiated during the Covid19 pandemic (BeCovid) and a low-frequency and high-cost long-running survey (BP). Merging … administrative records on actual use of STW, firms that use STW prove more likely to participate in the BeCovid survey … the over-reporting of STW use in the survey month, while - crucially - the over-reporting drops sharply with a few months …

-cost survey initiated during the Covid-19-pandemic (BeCovid) and a low-frequency and high-cost long-running survey (BP). Merging … administrative records on actual use of STW, firms that use STW prove more likely to participate in the BeCovid survey. Multi … over-reporting of STW use in the survey month, while - crucially - the over-reporting drops sharply with a few months of …

business survey in the German business-related services sector when respondents may freely choose to respond either online or …

This paper aims at providing business survey analysts with simple econometric tools to quantify qualitative survey data …. We extend the traditional and commonly applied method proposed by Carlson and Parkin (1975) to capture observable survey … respondent heterogeneity. We also discuss specification tests. The empirical analysis is based on business survey data taken from …