of non-financial firms' leverage carry over to banks, except for banks whose capital ratio is close to the regulatory … important determinant of banks' capital structures and that banks' leverage converges to bank specific, time invariant targets …. -- Bank capital ; capital regulation ; capital structure ; leverage …

In this paper we challenge the view that corporate bonds are always arm's length debt. We analyze the effect of bond … constant, rated firms increase their leverage in takeover transactions by less than their unrated counterparts. Consistent with …'s Length Debt ; Abnormal Returns …

Despite its large and increasing size in the U.S. and Europe, there is relatively little research on the private debt … European investors with private debt assets under management (AuM) of over $300 billion. These investors are primarily direct … lending funds. We ask the general partners (GPs) how they source, select, and evaluate deals, how they think of private debt …

, however, equity and debt markets may be more advantageous. …