records for 110,000 Army personnel serving during the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, we find that African Americans were …

Our research examines the effect of combat deployments to Iraq and Afghanistan on casualties. We use restricted data … types. Our estimates indicate that overall U.S. military personnel who deployed in an individual year to Iraq or Afghanistan …

bias in the selection of personnel deployed to serve in Afghanistan and Iraq. Of most concern, we find that African …

communities in Afghanistan. We use monthly wages and commodity prices at the provincial level over the period 2003-2009 and look …