, despite sustained progress in scientific knowledge, recent productivity growth in the U.S. has been disappointing. We review … major changes in the American innovation ecosystem over the past century. The past three decades have been marked by a … growing division of labor between universities focusing on research and large corporations focusing on development. Knowledge …

knowledge is an input into internal invention, and thus, more valuable to firms with inventive capability. Using a simple model … of innovation and imitation, we explore how inventive capability affects a firm's R&D investments, and thus whether and … external knowledge as well as the supply of external inventions. In an advance over the literature, we treat firm inventive …

knowledge is an input into internal invention, and thus, more valuable to firms with inventive capability. Using a simple model … of innovation and imitation, we explore how inventive capability affects a firm's R&D investments, and thus whether and … external knowledge as well as the supply of external inventions. In an advance over the literature, we treat firm inventive …

Scientific knowledge is believed to be the wellspring of innovation. Historically, firms have also invested in research … to fuel innovation and growth. In this paper, we document a shift away from scientific research by large corporations … knowledge (as measured by patents) has remained stable. These effects appear to be associated with globalization and narrower …

The history of innovation in the chemical industry offers many insights for accelerating energy innovation. In this … chapter, we begin by laying out the early history of the chemical industry for an overview of the role innovation has played … coal to oil, and briefly analyze two government programs that have attempted to promote innovation: synthetic rubber and …

Technical progress increasingly relies on the use of scientific knowledge. But if much of this knowledge is in the …