The Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA), as amended by the Protocol of Amendment signed December 10, 2019, represents a major overhaul of the now-dated 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). However, it is unusual in that it has little traditional tariff liberalization,...

The new “U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement” (USMCA) signed on 1 October 2018 sets out important markers concerning the future direction of Trump Administration trade policy. As consideration turns to the path to success in implementing this agreement, I will focus in my remarks today on what...

China appears to have been surprised by the sharp escalation of its rivalry with the United States into a full-blown trade war – and also to have initially mis-read the situation as one it could dispose of by writing a cheque before getting on with business as usual. I argue that there are...

The entry into force of the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership will mark the end of a long and winding road for Canada in committing to an Asia Pacific trade strategy, marked by a number of significant shifts in the calculus of costs and benefits. This note...

New trade rules being implemented as part of the on-going wave of major bilateral/regional trade agreements are impacting the complex and evolving innovation ecosystem in non-neutral ways, favouring some innovation modes (such as patent-oriented research and development), but generating...

The importance of services to Canada's economy is often lost in the discussion of how Canada can take advantage of trade agreements such as the Trans-Pacific Partnership. In this Commentary, we look to close this gap with respect to the vital financial services sector. In order to determine the...

Against the background of evidence of the dominant role of unilateral initiatives in advancing global trade liberalization in recent decades and of the deadweight costs of utilizing preferences under bilateral/regional free trade agreements, this study evaluates the implications of Canada...

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) has generated a vigorous debate that features widely differing estimates of its economic impact and claims regarding its broader significance in terms of setting the rules for global trade and in terms of its geopolitical impact. This policy brief analyzes the...

This Research Report assesses the likely impact of the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) on the British Columbia economy from the vantage point of what is known as the negotiations enter the end phase of negotiations in the Fall of 2014. The assessment is based on a two-step process. First, the...