The San Pedro Bay Port (SPBP) of Los Angeles and Long Beach is the largest container port in the U.S. Although the benefits of handling and hauling freight are enjoyed by the nation as a whole, the traffic congestion and air pollution created by the port falls mostly on the people who live and...

Escalating concerns about air quality in Southern California have led authorities of the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, also known as the San Pedro Bay Ports (SPBP), to consider and adopt a number of emission mitigation measures. One possibility is to shift to trains some of the containers...