Der Abwärtstrend beim ifo Geschäftsklima ist gestoppt. Der Index liegt im Mai unverändert bei 102,2 Punkten. Zuletzt war er fünf Monate in Folge gefallen. Die sehr gute Geschäftslage hat sich leicht verbessert. Die optimistischen Erwartungen gaben hingegen leicht nach.

The tax and fiscal reforms headed by German finance minister Matthias Erzberger in 1919 and 1920 fundamentally reshaped German public finances. The total tax revenue as a percentage of GDP, or tax-to-GDP ratio, doubled and increased continually until the end of World War II. Since the 1950s, the...

In the monthly ifo Business Survey, around 9000 companies answer questions about their current business situation, expectations, and plans for the near future as well as on other business variables. Beyond the regular questions, ifo has also the possibility to include supplementary questions...