, regional, national) might be most effective for strategic innovation policy-making based on smart specialization in Germany … Germany, can be considered separate sub-national innovation systems. These findings strengthen the case for region- and …Employing a quantitative, data-driven tool - the Triple Helix Indicator - to microdata of firms in Germany, we develop …

innovation, and institutional control can be captured with a generalized Triple Helix model. We propose to use the mutual … positive or negative. On the basis of data at the district level in Germany the conclusions of a previous study about the …-scher Austausch, technologische Innovation und institutionelle Kontrolle kann mit ei-nem allgemeinen Triple Helix-Model erfasst werden …

such theories. We argue that a main force behind the geography of innovation in Germany is the country's federal tradition …Popular theories claim that innovation activities should be located in large cities because of more favorable … environmental conditions that are absent in smaller cities or remote and rural areas. Germany provides a clear counterexample to …

, the gap between East and West Germany widened considerably over time. This divergence in innovation activity suggests that … Germany was specialized in. Our findings indicate that integrating the two innovation systems mainly benefitted the West. …The unification of the East and West German states in 1990 initiated the integration of two distinct innovation systems …

Wir analysieren die räumliche Verteilung verschiedener Kategorien kreativer Personen in Deutschland. Allgemein ist der …

We investigate the role of universities as a knowledge source for regional innovation processes. The contribution of … pure size is unimportant. Therefore, a policy that wants to promote regional innovation processes by building up …